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INFO213 Module 1

This medium post serves as the design document for the first module project for INFO213, Introduction to HCI. Our team members are Emily Aiken, Jonathan Gong, and Vibhor Sehgal. The design document is split into the following sections:

We began our design process by brainstorming issues we encounter in our everyday lives that engage with friction. The below image captures our initial brainstorming list of problems.

Figure 1: Our brainstorming list of problems that engage with friction.

In the end, we decided to explore visual methods for increasing the level of recycling and composting on campus (or, from a friction perspective, making it harder to be an “optimistic recycler”). We decided to explore the way visual cues on the recycling/compost/trash bins and on the packaging of materials can be leveraged to streamline the recycling and composting process (Zero Waste 2020!). This problem is particularly challenging because many consumers are unaware or confused about what packaging materials are recyclable. We discussed some of the materials we ourselves were confused about, including non-recyclable plastic bags, compostable silverware, and soiled food containers. We decided that a key component of our design would have to be clarity, making it easier for consumers to quickly understand what packaging is and is not recyclable.

We next considered specific ways we could engage with friction to create designs that solve issues relating to recycling and composting. A few of our ideas are listed here:

Since this module was a short one, we used our own team members for needfinding. We brainstormed a list of ideas of why people struggle with recycling and composting, pulling for the most part from our own experiences:

In the ideation phase, we brainstormed specific design ideas that would either increase or decrease friction to help increase recycling. Our ideas are listed below:

Increase Friction:

We also brainstormed different “visual design” entrance points:

We then sketched out several of our ideas. Those sketches are included below.

Sketch 2: Redesigning grocery store labeling and bags to clearly show consumers which products are recyclable, compostable, or neither.
Sketch 3: Simple icons to display on all packaging making it clear which items are recyclable, compostable, or neither.
Sketch 4: Redesigning packaging to emphasize whether the material is recyclable/compostable, and de-emphasizing product advertising.
Sketch 5: Trash can that spits out materials that are recyclable/compostable.
Sketch 6: Use of magnets to repel/attract items that belong in a given can (trash vs. recycling).

We evaluated our potential design concepts based on 1) their potential for interesting engagement with visual design, and 2) their engagement with friction. We settled on a combination of the concepts presented in sketches 3 and 4: redesigning packages materials to clearly communicate — through color and through icons — whether packaging is recyclable, compostable, or neither. In particular, we decided to color-code packaging according to its status: blue for recyclable, green for compostable, and red for neither. In addition to color-coding, we decided to add large icons relating to the recyclability status of the packaging, down-playing the branding of the product and instead emphasizing its sustainability. Our design engages visually with friction to prevent “optimistic recycling:” red is a color traditionally associated with danger, so bright red packaging for non-recyclable materials will increase friction at two important times: first, when consumers are choosing to buy the product (the red color will draw attention to the fact that the product is not sustainable), and second, when the consumer is disposing of the packaging (the red color will make the consumer think twice about recycling or composting the packaging).

We next created a mood board for our design concept, keeping in mind our target audience: average grocery store shoppers in America (not necessarily the sustainability-minded shoppers you find in Trader Joe’s in Berkeley!). Our mood board is included as a picture below, and encodes emphases for our design: simplicity and sustainability.

Figure 2: The mood board for our project.

Once we had decided on our design and mood, we created mock-ups of our new packaging ideas in Figma. In working with Figma, we went through three phases: a) prototyping in grey scale, b) specifically developing the icons for recycle, compost, and trash, and c) putting everything together for a color prototype.

a) Greyscale Prototypes

b) Iconography

Figure 4: Original Figma designs of icons for compost, trash, and recycling.

c) Final Figma screens

The below four pictures contain these mock-ups, with text describing consumer interactions in the captions.

Screen 1: This Figma mock-up shows what our redesigned packaging for recyclable materials might look like. The can of corn depicted would typically be colored white or yellow. Like other recyclable materials, we color-code it blue, and add a recycling icon at a key point on the packaging (over the pull tab, so that users are forced to engage with it). We imagine that consumers at the grocery store would quickly be able to understand from the blue packaging that the can is recyclable, and would be reminded again by the recycling sign when they go to open the can.
Screen 2: This Figma mock-up shows a compostable take-out food container. The container is color-coded green for compostable, and the tree icon on the side of the box acts as an extra reminder. We imagine that the green color will remind consumers that this packaging is eco-friendly, encouraging them to buy it and to compost it when they are finished.
Screen 3: This mock-up shows what our redesigned packaging would look like for three non-recyclable, non-compostable items: a lightbulb, a battery, and plastic utensils. The red color should alert consumers when they are buying the product, creating friction to encourage them not to purchase non-sustainable materials. The red color will also act as a reminder to not put these materials in the recycling or compost bins when it comes time to dispose of them, increasing friction to prevent “optimistic recycling.”

Our design engages with several techniques that we have covered in INFO213. These include:

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